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1 fibre
1) волокно2) фибра3) оптическое ( волокно)4) лыко, мочало•- acrylic fibre - artificial fibre - asbestos fibre - bast fibres - brittle fibre - brush fibre - cane fibre - ceramic fibre - compressed fibre - cordage fibres - extreme fibre - fire-retardant fibre - glass fibre - guiding fibre - heat-insulating fibre - longitudinal fibre - lower fibre - mean fibre - median fibre - natural fibre - optical glass fibre - pliant fibre - reinforcing fibre - top fibre - transverse fibre - upper fibres - vulcanized fibre - wood fibre - woody fibre -
2 Quillo Fibre
A seed fibre in Antigua, W.I. It is used by the natives to spin coarse yarn to make coarse fabrics for local use. -
3 dry-spin a fibre
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4 melt-spin a fibre
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5 wet-spin a fibre
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6 Hemp
A fibre obtained from the stalk of the plant " Cannibis sativa." It is inferior in quality to flax, but stronger and easily bleached. It is grown in India, Italy, Russia, Poland and many other countries. The better grades are used in the manufacture of carpets. It is obtained in a similar manner to flax by retting, breaking, crushing, cutting and hackling. It is not rotted by water and is much used for ropes, sailcloth, etc. (see common Hemp). Hemp Varieties - Among the different varieties of hemp appearing in trade are the following: - Ambari (or brown) hemp, Bengal (or Bombay) hemp, Blackfellow's hemp, Bowstring (Africa), Bowstring (Florida), Calcutta hemp (jute), Cebu, Colorado River, Cretan, Cuban, False hemp (America), False sisal hemp. Giant hemp (China), Hayti, Ife, Indian, Jubbulpore (Madras), Manila, New Zealand hemp (or flax), Pangane, Pita, Pua (India), Queensland, Rangoon, Roselle, Sisal, Sunn, Swedish, Tampico, Water, Wild, Italian (see under each name) ————————NEW ZEALAND FLAX, or HEMPThe fibre obtained from the Phormium Tenax plant which is a native of New Zealand and South Australia. The fibre is very white, soft and flexible and has a high lustre. It differs from most hemp fibres in that it is obtained from the leaf and not the bast. It is not so fine or regular as true flax, nor does it spin as well, but it is superior to either flax or hemp in its tenacity. It is largely used for cordage, twine and floor-matting, through the best fibre is woven into a duck fabric closely resembling linen. There are numerous local names for this plant - The common variety of the lowland swamps is Harakeke, that of the higher ground is Paritanewha, and the best variety is called Taihore. The fibre is generally known as Muka. -
7 Asbestos (Mountain Flax)
Is a mineral substance resisting the action of fire. It is spun into single and two or more fold yarns, the yarn is very smooth and slippery. Canadian asbestos is the most valuable for textile purposes, as it gives a curly fibre which is more easy to spin into threads than any other. It is a long, white, lustrous fibre, difficult to spin alone, so a little cotton is mixed with it, the cotton eventually being burnt away. Used for making fireproof curtains, for packing purposes, gloves, clothing for firemen and workers in furnaces,etc.Dictionary of the English textile terms > Asbestos (Mountain Flax)
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8 New Zealand Flax
NEW ZEALAND FLAX, or HEMPThe fibre obtained from the Phormium Tenax plant which is a native of New Zealand and South Australia. The fibre is very white, soft and flexible and has a high lustre. It differs from most hemp fibres in that it is obtained from the leaf and not the bast. It is not so fine or regular as true flax, nor does it spin as well, but it is superior to either flax or hemp in its tenacity. It is largely used for cordage, twine and floor-matting, through the best fibre is woven into a duck fabric closely resembling linen. There are numerous local names for this plant - The common variety of the lowland swamps is Harakeke, that of the higher ground is Paritanewha, and the best variety is called Taihore. The fibre is generally known as Muka. -
9 dual
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10 Attacus
A genus of silk moths, formerly regarded as a class of wild silks. The genus includes the A. ricini or eria, A. cynthia or ailanthus, A. atlas and A. selene. A. ricini - Found in Asia and America, gives a very white and good quality silk, production increasing yearly. A. cynthia and A. atlas - Spin open cocoons and give the so-called Fagara or Ailanthus silk. A. selene - A variety of tussah silk with a very irregular fibre, and has spots of grey, blue, yellow and white. -
11 Dead Cotton
Undeveloped or unripe cotton fibre which is difficult to spin or dye. -
12 High Draft
The term "High Draft" came into prominence in 1913 with the appearance in Spain of the Casablancas mechanism for drafting in cotton spinning. This mechanism, owing to an increased and improved control over the fibres, was capable of drafts about four times higher than the normal. The new method was called " high draft " to distinguish it from the existing method which only gave usual or " low " drafts. Since 1913 many other high draft systems have been introduced, all aiming at controlling the fibres - particularly the shorter ones - as much and as adequately as possible. The utilisation of these improved methods of fibre control has other important advantages besides the saving in machinery and labour accruing from the higher drafts performed. The strength of the yarn is generally increased and its appearance improved. A good high draft system will also spin finer counts from a given cotton, or a standard quality of yarn from a lower and cheaper cotton. The adoption of the high drafting principle has been an important feature in the progress of cotton spinning machinery in recent years, and - almost without exception - new machines are now supplied by all textile machinists with high drafting on. -
13 Wool Quality
In intention wool quality is meant to be an estimation of the probable spinning value of a given lot or sample of wool. The estimation requires skill of a very high order and those who have to buy and sell wool on the sight and feel of samples have developed a surprising soundness of judgment. In the United Kingdom wools are given quality numbers and a 64's quality wool should spin satisfactory yarn as fine as 64's worsted counts. This is not absolute and many factors influence quality estimations, such as fibre fineness, average length of fibres, uniformity of growth or otherwise, e.g., defects or weaknesses caused by drought, illness of the sheep, etc., crimp, waviness, etc.
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